Medicinal plants in forest policy

U.N. World Charter for Nature
“Life depends on the uninterrupted functioning of natural systems which ensure the supply of energy and nutrients. Civilisation is rooted in nature which has shaped human culture and influenced all artistic and scientific endeavour.” Importance & Values of Forests in
Nature & Civilisation
z Livelihood support z Agriculture supportz Food Security – Nutrition, Medicinal Plants & Forests
z Forests are source/cradle of Medicinal Plants & its z Health Security – Medicinal Plants: Ayu, Sidha, z Biodiversity – Med plants is microcosm of Biodivz Nutrition – Vitamins, Antioxidants z Potential source of medicines for futuristic deceases z Industrial Appl- Pharmacaeticals, BioDiversity Scenario
z 34,000 Spp are threatened(157-AppI, 233 medplnts- App II of CITES list: Com tra in wildtaken specimens of species in banned/with permission of app ii) z 233 Spp in CITES agreement list are medicinal appII. z Endemic & threatened in India:29/70 assesssed.
z Threatened spp in Karnataka: 56 out of 70 assessed.
z 28/41 non endemic spp are also threatened.
CONSERVATION FACTORS:
USAGE, HARVEST, CULT,
EXPO
z No. Plant based Med Plants formulations: 25,000z No. of Species refered as usable: 6200z Modern: 204, Ayu:2351, Sidha:1785, Homeo:506, z 80% Populn in deving countries use med plnts No. of >90% brought from Nature; 70% Destructive harvesting z No of spp used in Industry~ 800z Med plants of Comm, large ind, exp, imp~ 405z No. of spp. Under commercial cultivation:~20z Exported ~63 spp+formulations;(66% in raw & basic Med Plnt Sector:
Global Interface – an
Opportunity
z Global Market-Phyto pharmacaeticals: $10b; Medical botanicals:$16.5 b(growth 15-20%); Nutracaeticals:$4.05 b ; Cosmeceuticals: 7.5 b$ z Med Plnt & Prod:45158 T=Rs.993cr(02-3) z Imports of India: Med Plnts:Rs11.7 Cr; Aromatic Plant z No of spp: Import-Med plnts: 12(Maj) Aromatic plnts: 21 major Export-medplnts other than prepns:25; Arom:35; exp med plnt prepns: 75.2% CURRENT SITUATION in Karnataka
National scenario
z Indian Market of the order of Rs7000 Cr.
z 70% of export in raw drugs and raw herbs.
Strengths
z Western ghats is one of the 12 Biodiversity hotspots of the World – endowed with good environmental factors for growth of var of med plants z Rich Agriculture Base with surplus capacity and considerable scope for inter and intra cultivation and lot of cultivable waste land and fallow lands. z Karnataka Forest Dept is a well spread out organisation with disciplined and technically trained personnel.
z Biotechnology is growing in Karnataka very fast in recent years registering 30% growth in certain areas. z JFPM institutions offer cooperative synergy for extension, nursery, economy of scale etc. Weaknesses
z It is in a very primary stage: No/Low Policy, Strategy, Law, Regulations, Infrastructure, Financial investment for Medicinal Plants z Economy of scale is unfavourable for most medicinal z Low ‘quality consciousness’ in cultivation, process, preservation, production resulting in contamination, deterioration, adulteration, substitution having impact on low export and local market share. Opportunities
z Cultivation of medicinal plants can fetch additional income, quality employment, scope for growth of rural economy, optimum utilisation of agriculture infrastructure. z Overall economic growth esp. covering rural Strategy: Threats
z Fear, Ignorance, Dogma, inertia for change. z Risks of failure and dramatic price fall.
z Monopoly Industries may thwart competetion Direction
z Incorporation of Medicinal plants in forest pol.
z Law to restrict & regulate raw materials utilisation from z Conservation measures similar to wild life protectionz Cites like agreement between Statesz Nationalised trade of endangered species.
z Quality Planting Material- Collection, Storage, z R&D – Genetic improvement,Cultivation protocol, Market z Plantation: Regular, JFPM, Pvt, degradedz Initial process at site, Value addition in village Stgy, Direction Contd….
z Promote cultivation in farmers landsz Create marketing facility – Information, Web based z Pricing- Online price information, breaking monopolyz Expansion of Industries and exportz Crop Insurancez Good Agricultural practice & Organic farmingz Good manufacturing practice to raise to global qualityz Subsidise cultivation of threatened species z Registration of all stakeholders for synergy BIO TECH SECTOR IN
Karnataka
z 183 BioTech Companies are in Karnataka(137 in Bangalore) out z : Rs.2200Cr in India; Bangalore:Rs.1000 Cr z 16000 Scientific personnel are employed z Hubs: Agri- Bio: Dharwar; Nutracaetical Bio: Mysore; z Growth rate of export(BioPharma) during 01-06: 29.65% z Ranks 4th in the export of principal commodity z Bio pharma forms 70% of India’s Biotech business z Turnover of Karnataka: $ 500 m; Export: $250 m Highest in Ind.
z No.of BioTech schools in India: 30; Bangalore: 15. z Revenue in BioAgri sector:$250m; Growth rate 50%.
NMPB - Promotional Scheme
z 100% Grant. Max: Tech Dev/ Transfer: Rs10L/yr, z Public Sector instns for R&D; All instns for promotionz Areas: Conservation – in situ,exsitu, Surveys& Inventory, QPM, Edn & Extention, econ sy & res, R&D, Value addition, Institutionalisation of cooperation.
z Comprehensive Proj proposal with objectives, scheme, likely impact & action plan alongwith Regn, balance sheet of 3 yr, Biodata etc. docs NMPB - Commercial Scheme
z Subsidy: 30% of proj cost; max: Rs.9lakh.
z Regd grower, Assn, Manufacturer, Pharma Co, z Areas: Value Addition, Innovative marketing mechanism, QPM supply, expansion of med plants cultivation.
NMPB Sch: Contractual farming
z 30% proj cost as subsidy in 2 instalments Max. z To grow priority medicinal plant species z Regd grower, associations, manufacturer, Pharma co, NGO, R&D instn, with 3 yr experience in med plants are qualified.
z Buy back agreement with reputed companies z Technically, economically, ecologically feasible Land availability in Karnataka
z Total geographical area: 19.179 Mhaz Total Forest Area: 4.444 Mhaz Cultivable waste lands: 0.439 Mha (2.3% of geo area)z Current fallow lands: 1.367 Mha(4.37% in 1960 to z Other fallow land: .408 Mhaz Permanent pastures & grazing land: 1.005 Mhaz z Agriculture land:12.284 Mhaz Road length: 1,31,592 kmsz Railways: 2795 kmsz Est. Canal length: 1000 kms z Saraca Ashoka
z Red sandal
z Ashwagandha
z Arjuna(Holemathi)
z Shri gandha
z Patchouli(Aromatic
z Isabgol
z Harda(T chebula)
z Aloevera(Lolesara)
z Kalmegh-Nelabevu
z Eucalyptus
z Madhunashini
citriodora
z Lemon grass
z Sarpagandha
z Safed musli
z Acorus (Baje)
z Senna(Casia
angustifolia)
z Thulasi
glomerata(Atti)
z Long Pepper(Pippali)
z Shatavari(Asparagus
balli(Tinospora
racemosus)
cordifolia)
z Kokum(Garcinia indica)
EXPORT POTENTIAL&
IMPORT SUBSTITUTION
MEDICINAL SPECIES
z Serpentina
Endangered M species – Karnataka
z Chonemorpha fragrans(Chandra hoovu)z Drosera indica(Krimi nashini)z Drosera peltata(Thee hullu)z Michalia champaca (Sampige)z Persea macrantha ( Gul mavu)z Rauvolfia serpentina( Sarpa gandha)z Saraca asoka (Ashoka)z Nothapodytes nimmoniana(Durvasane mara – Vulnerable M Species -
Karnataka
z Aristolochia tagala(Dodda eshwari balli) Vulnerable M Species –
Karnataka – Contd.
Near threatened m Species
Karnataka
z Celastrus paniculatus (Kanagili balli, Karigonne) z Hedychium coronarium(Karppura ver – adulterant also) z Symplocos cochinchinensis(Boodaganni,Lodhra) z Terminalia arjuna (Bili mathi, neeru mathi) THANK YOU
Addl. Principal Chief Conservator of Forests & C.E.O., Karnataka Medicinal Plants Authority.

Source: http://www.karnatakaforest.gov.in/english/research_publications/Medicinal%20Plants%20in%20Forest%20Policy.pdf