entity or IP holding company). This is not at
all unique and many significant IP holders
establish SPEs primarily for tax purposes,
but also to control operating company cash
flows and profit. KCD issued the bonds that
possibility of a much larger acquisition.
are being held by the Bermuda insurer.
Sears is licensing the brands from its own
subsidiar y of Sears sitting there holding
entity with assets but not income because
A new generation of IP bonds has been born.
These bear only a passing resemblance to the
royalty backed Bowie bonds which were issued
Holdings’, the Bermuda insurer which it
in 1997. That instrument relied on a stream of
controls, or KCD, is in position to engage in
projected income from copyrighted songs to
financial engineering that could benefit the
make the lender whole. My understanding is
However Sears chooses to deploy the assets
that Sears’ brand-name bonds do not involve
more on the sub’s balance sheet than on
resulting from capitalising its leading brands,
Sears’). In fact, the KCD bonds are rated by
one thing is cer tain: under-leveraged IP
Contrar y to popular belief, monetising IP
Moody’s Investor Service four rungs better
than Sears’ junk debt. Through KCD, Sears
can issue debt and use the funds to acquire
and capital providers have overlooked. But
an insurer or for other leverage. For Sears
while interest in IP assets is healthy, too
equity holders, this creates opportunity; for
heaped on these early IP instruments, some
much capital chasing the wrong rights is not.
its secured debt holders, the re-capitalisation
of their cash flow projections proved overly
It’s up to the financial markets to divine the
is less positive. They can no longer rely upon
logic of this transaction, but my money is on
the company’s crown jewel assets in the
advances, such as the iPod. Not faring much
event of a bankruptcy. But, then again, in that
scenario those assets are not likely to be
royalties from Bristol-Myer’s Squibb's HIV
middle of April and much of the press picked
up on how Sears “quietly created” the
major step for ward for IP not only because of
(http://retail.seekingalpha.com/ar ticle/3196
their size, but because of their structure and
financial security. Eric Hedman, an analyst at
0\) responds thoughtfully to that question:
apparent flexibility. They not only capitalise
S&P, which like Business Week is owned by
other wise underutilised intangible assets,
McGraw-Hill, called it the largest IP loan ever.
poorly reflected on the company’s balance
$1.8 billion in cash, and investors would
company additional resources that can make
The structure and intent of these bonds are
wor th examining. This transaction affects
ever y large IP owner and investor, especially
significant for cer tain strategic invention
rights, namely patents. While patents without
retailing giants Sears and Kmart in the image
unlicensed brands are credit-wor thy, patents
of Warren Buffet’s valued-laden Berkshire
profits without any additional expense.
or families of patents that make companies
Hathaway. But what has actually happened?
not leave control of the company. They are
insurance subsidiar y. According to Business
new "brand" bonds allow him a vehicle
Bruce Berman is president of Brody Berman
Week, Sears first created KCD, a “separate,
to do a similar deal. How? Lamper t could
Associates in New York. His latest book is
wholly owned, bankruptcy-remote subsidiar y”
Intellectual Asset Management June/July 2007 5
Disease monger (Krankheitshändler)/ British Medical Journal British Medical Journal (BMJ) Bd. 324, S. 886, 2002 Selling sickness: the pharmaceutical industry and disease mongering Ray Moynihan , journalist a , Iona Heath , general practitioner b, David Henry , professor of clinical pharmacology c . a) Australian Financial Review , GPO Box 506, Sydney, 2201, Austr